1. What is Torque?

Torque is a measure of the force that can cause an object to rotate about an axis. In pulley systems, torque determines the rotational force applied to the pulley shaft.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the torque formula:

Where:

• \( \tau \) — Torque (N·m)
• \( F \) — Force applied (N)
• \( r \) — Radius or moment arm (m)
• \( \theta \) — Angle between force vector and lever arm (degrees)

Explanation: The formula calculates the rotational force produced when a force is applied at a distance from the pivot point, considering the angle of application.

3. Importance of Torque Calculation

Details: Accurate torque calculation is crucial for designing mechanical systems, determining power requirements, and ensuring proper functioning of pulley systems and rotational machinery.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter force in newtons (N), radius in meters (m), and angle in degrees. All values must be valid (force > 0, radius > 0, angle between 0-180°).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What happens when the angle is 90 degrees?
A: At 90 degrees, sin(θ) = 1, so torque is maximized: τ = F × r.

Q2: What if the force is applied parallel to the lever arm?
A: When θ = 0° or 180°, sin(θ) = 0, so no torque is produced regardless of the force magnitude.

Q3: How does pulley diameter affect torque?
A: Larger pulleys (greater radius) produce more torque for the same applied force, following the direct relationship τ ∝ r.

Q4: Can torque be negative?
A: Yes, torque can be negative when it acts in the opposite direction of positive rotation, typically when the angle is greater than 180 degrees.

Q5: How is torque related to power in rotating systems?
A: Power (P) is the product of torque (τ) and angular velocity (ω): P = τ × ω, where ω is in radians per second.