Home
Back
Hydrogen Ion Concentration Formula:
| From: | To: |
Hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]) is a measure of the acidity of a solution. It represents the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is inversely related to pH value. The lower the pH, the higher the hydrogen ion concentration.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula shows the inverse logarithmic relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration. Each unit change in pH represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration.
Details: Calculating hydrogen ion concentration from pH is crucial in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and medicine. It helps in understanding acid-base balance, chemical reactions, and biological processes that are pH-dependent.
Tips: Enter the pH value (between 0 and 14). The calculator will compute the corresponding hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter (M).
Q1: What is the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration?
A: pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration: pH = -log[H+]. They have an inverse relationship - as pH decreases, [H+] increases.
Q2: What are typical [H+] values for common solutions?
A: Pure water (pH 7) has [H+] = 10⁻⁷ M. Lemon juice (pH ~2) has [H+] = 10⁻² M. Baking soda solution (pH ~9) has [H+] = 10⁻⁹ M.
Q3: Why is the pH scale logarithmic?
A: The logarithmic scale allows a wide range of hydrogen ion concentrations (from 1 M to 10⁻¹⁴ M) to be represented on a convenient 0-14 scale.
Q4: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically precise. The accuracy depends on the precision of the pH measurement used as input.
Q5: Can this calculator handle very small [H+] values?
A: Yes, the calculator can handle the full range of pH values from 0 to 14, corresponding to [H+] from 1 M to 10⁻¹⁴ M.