1. What is Microalbumin Calculation?

Microalbumin calculation involves measuring the ratio of albumin to creatinine in urine to detect early kidney damage, particularly in diabetic patients. It helps identify microalbuminuria, which is an early sign of diabetic nephropathy.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator computes the Microalbumin-to-Creatinine Ratio:

Where:

• Urine Albumin — Measured in mg/L
• Urine Creatinine — Measured in mg/dL

Interpretation:

• Normal: Ratio < 30 mg/g
• Microalbuminuria: Ratio 30-300 mg/g
• Macroalbuminuria: Ratio > 300 mg/g

3. Importance of Microalbumin Testing

Details: Early detection of microalbuminuria allows for timely intervention to prevent progression to overt diabetic nephropathy and end-stage renal disease. Regular screening is recommended for diabetic patients.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter urine albumin in mg/L and urine creatinine in mg/dL. Both values must be greater than zero. The calculator provides both the quantitative ratio and qualitative interpretation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Who should be tested for microalbuminuria?
A: Diabetic patients should be tested annually. Patients with hypertension or family history of kidney disease may also benefit from screening.

Q2: How should urine samples be collected?
A: First morning void is preferred. Random samples are acceptable but may have higher variability.

Q3: What factors can affect microalbumin results?
A: Exercise, fever, urinary tract infection, menstruation, and certain medications can temporarily increase albumin excretion.

Q4: How often should testing be repeated?
A: If initial test is positive, confirm with 2 additional tests within 3-6 months. Persistent microalbuminuria requires intervention.

Q5: What actions should be taken if microalbuminuria is detected?
A: Tight glycemic control, blood pressure management (ACE inhibitors or ARBs preferred), and lifestyle modifications including diet and exercise.